O.E.
stocc "stump, post, stake, tree trunk, log," also "pillory" (usually plural,
stocks), from P.Gmc.
*stukkaz "tree trunk" (cf. O.N.
stokkr "block of wood, trunk of a tree," O.S., O.Fris.
stok, M.Du.
stoc "tree trunk, stump," Du.
stok "stick, cane," O.H.G.
stoc "tree trunk, stick," Ger.
Stock "stick, cane;" also Du.
stuk, Ger.
Stück "piece"), from PIE
*(s)teu- (see
steep (adj.)). Meaning "ancestry, family" (1382) is a fig. use of the "tree trunk" sense (cf.
family tree). This is also th
a2a
e root of the meaning "heavy part of a tool," and "part of a rifle held against the shoulder" (1541).
Stock, lock, and barrel "the whole of a thing" is recorded from 1817. Meaning "framework on which a boat was constructed" (1422) led to fig. phrase
on stocks "planned and commenced" (1669).
Stock-still (c.1470) is lit. "as still as a tree trunk."